These are cuts or punctures

2019年2月27日
A nasal fracture is usually repaired by a closed reduction. The eardrum can also be cut (perforated) because of insertion of an object such as a Q-tip, stick, or pen.You have to get your nose evaluated and examined immediately after the injury to ascertain whether septal hematoma is not present. Therefore, an ear, nose and throat specialist should do an evaluation about 4 to 5 days after the injury.
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These are cuts or punctures on the roof of the mouth caused by pencils, pens, and toothbrushes. In areas popular for water sports such as Florida, this injury is more commonly seen as a result of water-skiing or wake boarding. Most of the time (that is 90% of the times), the holes heal without surgical treatment. This usually is caused by blunt trauma to the nose (as in case where a baseball or elbow hits it). If they do not heal, TYMPANOPLASTY may be required. Air (oxygen) is then delivered to the patient. Hematomas is a collection of blood that needs to be drained out.Tympanoplasty is a process to repair the ear drum with a patch of muscle tissue.One of the most common injuries to the nose is a nasal fracture or broken nose. A septal hematoma however is the collection of blood in the septum, the partition of the nose that needs to be drained.If the airway is compromised, a by-pass airway must be created either through an endotracheal tube (tube through the mouth), emergency cricothyroidotomy (temporary hole in the neck under the voice box), or a TRACHEOTOMY (a temporary tube through the neck into the breathing tube). Any patient with trauma to the neck will need to be evaluated to make sure the airway is able to deliver air to the lungs. Repair is best done within seven to ten days of injury. These vital structures include the airway (larynx and trachea), large blood vessels (carotid arteries and jugular veins, among others), the esophagus (tube that goes from the mouth to the stomach), the spinal cord, and many other nerves that are important for breathing, swallowing, arm movement, voice and sensation.The ear drum (tympanic membrane) can tear as a result of an explosion or a slap to the ear. It is important to have an ear, nose, and throat specialist examine the ear and evaluate the hearing as trauma to the ear can cause hemotympanum (blood behind the ear) or a disconnection of the ear bones causing hearing loss.

The neck also contains glands (thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary) and other structures that are also critical for normal body functioning. Swelling, bruising and bleeding may occur.Evaluation starts with the basic ABCs (airway evaluation, check for breathing and check circulation) of resuscitation. Traumatic injuries also occur within the mouth, especially in children. This means that the nose is relocated into a normal position without an incision. One of the most common is a soft palate (roof of mouth) laceration.Therefore, trauma to the neck is one of the more common causes of death in an injured patient. Once adequate breathing is assured, any visible bleeding is controlled. If this is not done an abscess (infection) and a loss of cartilage may result. Often times, it is difficult to evaluate a nasal fracture immediately after the injury due to the swelling that is present. Trauma to the ear may cause a fracture through the ear and hearing organ resulting in hearing loss, disruption of the ear bones, spinal fluid leak or facial nerve injury

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